{"id":99125,"date":"2021-10-19T18:03:08","date_gmt":"2021-10-19T14:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/?p=99125"},"modified":"2022-12-29T01:54:56","modified_gmt":"2022-12-28T22:54:56","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%87-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%87-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0647. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 <a title=\"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b3\/Auguste_Comte.jpg\/800px-Auguste_Comte.jpg\" alt=\"Auguste Comte.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"1027\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mawdoo3.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/mawdoo3.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>\u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/b><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>(<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a>:\u00a0<span class=\"mw-content-ltr\" lang=\"en\">Auguste Comte<\/span>)\u200f (\u00a0<a title=\"19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/19_%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1798\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1798\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1798<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a title=\"5 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1857\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1857\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1857<\/a>). \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_(%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a 19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1798.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0643. \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0646 -\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647: 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629)\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646<\/a>.\u00a0\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u00a0<a title=\"\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f)\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_(%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0627 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\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8221; \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>&#8220;\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642 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\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 216px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-uvpWNfS3lK8\/XaGb2izxFHI\/AAAAAAAAYnw\/W1N2hbWoxYoTmnZYfnwWcgsPJidNFg8PgCNcBGAsYHQ\/s320\/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%2B%25D8%25B9%25D9%2586%2B%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D9%2586%2B%25D8%25AE%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%2B%25D9%2588%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%2587%2B%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D9%2587%25D9%2585%2B%25D9%2583%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A8%25D9%2587.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-uvpWNfS3lK8\/XaGb2izxFHI\/AAAAAAAAYnw\/W1N2hbWoxYoTmnZYfnwWcgsPJidNFg8PgCNcBGAsYHQ\/s320\/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%2B%25D8%25B9%25D9%2586%2B%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D9%2586%2B%25D8%25AE%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%2B%25D9%2588%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%2587%2B%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D9%2587%25D9%2585%2B%25D9%2583%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A8%25D9%2587.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0646\" width=\"216\" height=\"320\" title=\"\"><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b> \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>\u0639\u064e\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633<\/a>.\u00a0\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0645\u0635\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0644\u062f\u0647\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0642\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/a>\u00a0\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u00a0<a title=\"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a>. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u00a0<a title=\"\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"\u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629\" 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rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/a>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0642\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0646 (784-808 \u0647\u0640)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0648\u064f\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a\u064e \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a0<a title=\"1406\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1406<\/a>\u00a0\u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<sup id=\"cite_ref-\u0627\u0628\u0646_\u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86#cite_note-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-\u0627\u0628\u0646_\u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646_\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631_\u0639\u0644\u0645_\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86#cite_note-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064e\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u00a0<a title=\"\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a>\u00a0\u0648<a title=\"\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f (\u0639\u0644\u0645)\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 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target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628\u064e \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u064d \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u064d\u060c \u0646\u0632\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064e\u00a0<a title=\"\u0642\u0631\u0646 7 \u0647\u0640\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_7_%D9%87%D9%80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u00a0<a title=\"\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a0<a title=\"1356\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1356\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1356<\/a>\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0641\u0627\u0633\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0641\u0627\u0633<\/a>\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0636\u0645\u0651\u0647\u00a0<a title=\"\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a0<a title=\"1363\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1363\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1363\u0645<\/a>\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0625\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0625\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect mw-disambig\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 (<a title=\"\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b) \u0641\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u00a0<a title=\"\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632<\/a>\u00a0\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647<sup id=\"cite_ref-\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0629_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86#cite_note-%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[8]<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86#cite_note-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u0645\u0635\u0631\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u00a0<a title=\"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629&#8221;. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0633\u0646\u0629\u00a0<a title=\"1406\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1406\u0645<\/a>\/<a title=\"808 \u0647\u0640\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/808_%D9%87%D9%80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">808 \u0647\u0640<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<figure style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Tunisia588.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/ff\/Tunisia588.jpg\/220px-Tunisia588.jpg\" alt=\"-\" width=\"220\" height=\"293\" data-file-width=\"1536\" data-file-height=\"2048\" title=\"\"><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<h3>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629)\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/a>\u00a0\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u00a0\u0628<a href=\"https:\/\/ketabpedia.com\/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84\/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621)\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a>\u00a0(\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639)\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong> \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<figure style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Dar_Ibn_Khaldoun.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/93\/Dar_Ibn_Khaldoun.jpg\/220px-Dar_Ibn_Khaldoun.jpg\" alt=\"-\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" data-file-width=\"2816\" data-file-height=\"2112\" title=\"\"><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629:<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e\u0647 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 <a title=\"\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 749\u0647\u0640\/<a title=\"1348\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1348\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1348\u0645<\/a>\u00a0\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a title=\"\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u00a0<a title=\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u064b\u00a0<a title=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a>\u00a0\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u063a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0627 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