{"id":122978,"date":"2022-10-15T13:54:33","date_gmt":"2022-10-15T09:54:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/?p=122978"},"modified":"2025-08-03T18:44:08","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T15:44:08","slug":"%d8%ae%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b5-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/%d8%ae%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b5-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 2025<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 “\u0639 \u0644 \u0645” \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0650\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 “\u0636\u0631\u0628\u064e \u0632\u064a\u062f\u064c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627” \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 “\u0636\u0631\u0628\u064e \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u064c”\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 28 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u060c \u062d) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062e\u0645\u0629 (\u0635\u060c \u0636\u060c \u0637\u060c \u0638)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641 “\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639)\u060c \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 <\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0629) \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 <\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: alcalde \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a”)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/a>\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n
\n\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n
\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 (\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 (\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647) \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n
\n\n

\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0642\u0629 (\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n
\n\n

\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 “\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635” \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062d\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/h2>\n



Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic Language<\/em> (2nd\u202fed.). Edinburgh University Press.
<\/a><\/p>\n



Lipski, J.\u202fM. (1985). \u201cThe Spanish of Equatorial Guinea: The dialect of Malabo and its implications for Spanish dialectology\u201d. Hispania<\/em>,\u00a089(3),\u00a0630\u2013644.
<\/a><\/p>\n



Al\u2011Batal, M. (2017). \u201cChallenges and opportunities in teaching Arabic as a foreign language\u201d. In The Routledge Handbook of Arabic Second Language Acquisition<\/em> (pp.\u202f526\u2013542). Routledge.
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 2025 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":139015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[76,96],"tags":[4301,4808,4302,4810,4809,4303,75,4300,4807,4806],"class_list":["post-122978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-76","category-96","tag-4301","tag-4808","tag-4302","tag-4810","tag-4809","tag-4303","tag-75","tag-4300","tag-4807","tag-4806"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122978"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122978\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":139476,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122978\/revisions\/139476"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/139015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aiacademy.info\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}